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Python 语言参考手册Python Reference Manual |  |
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Python 语言参考手册Python Reference Manual | |
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The binary arithmetic operations have the conventional priority levels. Note that some of these operations also apply to certain non-numeric types. Apart from the power operator, there are only two levels, one for multiplicative operators and one for additive operators:
二元算术运算符的优先级符合我们的正常习惯.注意其中有些运算符也可以应用于非数值型操作数.除了幂运算符, 它们只分两个优先级: 一个是乘法类运算,一个是加法类运算.
The * (multiplication) operator yields the product of its
arguments. The arguments must either both be numbers, or one argument
must be an integer (plain or long) and the other must be a sequence.
In the former case, the numbers are converted to a common type and
then multiplied together. In the latter case, sequence repetition is
performed; a negative repetition factor yields an empty sequence.
*(乘)运算符计算其操作数的积, 其两个参数必须是数值型的, 或一个是整数(普通或长整数)另一个是有序类型.第一种情况下, 数值参数被转换成通用类型然后计算积. 后一种情况下, 重复连接有序类型对象. 一个负连接因子产生一个有空的有序类型对象.
The / (division) and // (floor division) operators yield
the quotient of their arguments. The numeric arguments are first
converted to a common type. Plain or long integer division yields an
integer of the same type; the result is that of mathematical division
with the `floor' function applied to the result. Division by zero
raises the
ZeroDivisionError exception.
/(除)运算符生成参数的商.数值型参数首先转换成通用类型,普通整数或长整数的除法计算结果是相同类型整数,结果就是对商的精确结果执行floor()函数的返回在值.除以零会引发ZeroDivisionError 异常.
The % (modulo) operator yields the remainder from the
division of the first argument by the second. The numeric arguments
are first converted to a common type. A zero right argument raises
the ZeroDivisionError exception. The arguments may be floating
point numbers, e.g., 3.14%0.7 equals 0.34 (since
3.14 equals 4*0.7 + 0.34.) The modulo operator always
yields a result with the same sign as its second operand (or zero);
the absolute value of the result is strictly smaller than the absolute
value of the second operand5.1.
%(取模)计算第一个参数除以第二参数得到的余数.数值型参数首先转换成通用类型. 右面的参数为零, 会引发ZeroDivisionError异常. 参数可以浮点数,例如 3.14
The integer division and modulo operators are connected by the
following identity: x == (x/y)*y + (x%y). Integer division and
modulo are also connected with the built-in function divmod():
divmod(x, y) == (x/y, x%y). These identities don't hold for
floating point numbers; there similar identities hold
approximately where x/y is replaced by floor(x/y) or
floor(x/y) - 15.2.
整除和取模运算可以用以下等式联系起来: x == (x/y)*y + (x
The + (addition) operator yields the sum of its arguments.
The arguments must either both be numbers or both sequences of the
same type. In the former case, the numbers are converted to a common
type and then added together. In the latter case, the sequences are
concatenated.
+(加)运算符计算参数的和.参数必须都是数值型的, 或都是相同有序类型的对象. 对于前一种情况, 它们先转换成通用类型, 然后相加. 后一种情况下, 所有有序类型对象被连接起来
The - (subtraction) operator yields the difference of its
arguments. The numeric arguments are first converted to a common
type.
-(减)计算参数的差, 数值型的参数首先转换成通用类型.
abs(x%y) < abs(y) is true mathematically, for
floats it may not be true numerically due to roundoff. For
example, and assuming a platform on which a Python float is an
IEEE 754 double-precision number, in order that -1e-100 % 1e100
have the same sign as 1e100, the computed result is
-1e-100 + 1e100, which is numerically exactly equal
to 1e100. Function fmod() in the math
module returns a result whose sign matches the sign of the
first argument instead, and so returns -1e-100 in this case.
Which approach is more appropriate depends on the application.
floor(x/y) to be one larger than
(x-x%y)/y due to rounding. In such cases, Python returns
the latter result, in order to preserve that divmod(x,y)[0]
* y + x % y be very close to x.
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Python 语言参考手册Python Reference Manual | |
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