C.1 History of the software

Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl/) in the Netherlands as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.

Python 是在 1990 年初由当时还在荷兰的 Stitchting Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, http://www.cwi.nl/) 的 Guide van Rossum 创作的。它是作为一种叫做 ABC 编程语言的继承者而出现。目前 Guide 仍然是 Python 的主要作者, 然而许多其他的人士都为它作出了各种页献。

In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/) in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the software.

到了 1995 年, Guido 转到了 Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI, http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/) 继续 Python 的开发工作。公司是位于维珍尼亚的 Reston, 在那里他陆续发布了数个新的版本。

In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope Corporation; see http://www.zope.com/). In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of the PSF.

2000 年 5 月, Guido 及核心开发小组搬到了 BeOpen.com 并成立 BeOpen PythonLabs 团队。同年的 10 月, PythonLabs 团队又移师到了 Digital Creations (now Zope Corporation; http://www.zope.com/)。至 2001 年, Python Software Foundation (PSF, Python 基金会 http://www.python.org/psf/) 成立了。它是一个非牟利的机构, 成立目的专门为了统管和 Python 有关的智慧产权。而 Zope Corporatoin 则是 PSF 的其中一个赞助人。

All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org/ for the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes the various releases.

所有 Python 的发布版本都是开放源码的 (有关定义请参考 http://www.opensource.org/)。以开发历史来说, 大部份, 但并非所有的 Python 版本是兼容于 GPL 的; 下表总结了各版本的情况。

Release Derived from Year Owner GPL compatible?

0.9.0 thru 1.2 n/a 1991-1995 CWI yes
1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI no
2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes
2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes
2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes
2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes
2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes
2.2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes
2.3.2 2.3.1 2003 PSF yes

Release	Derived from	Year	Owner	GPL compatible?
0.9.0 thru 1.2	n/a	1991-1995	CWI	yes
1.3 thru 1.5.2	1.2	1995-1999	CNRI	yes
1.6	1.5.2	2000	CNRI	no
2.0	1.6	2000	BeOpen.com	no
1.6.1	1.6	2001	CNRI	no
2.1	2.0+1.6.1	2001	PSF	no
2.0.1	2.0+1.6.1	2001	PSF	yes
2.1.1	2.1+2.0.1	2001	PSF	yes
2.2	2.1.1	2001	PSF	yes
2.1.2	2.1.1	2002	PSF	yes
2.1.3	2.1.2	2002	PSF	yes
2.2.1	2.2	2002	PSF	yes
2.2.2	2.2.1	2002	PSF	yes
2.2.3	2.2.2	2002-2003	PSF	yes
2.3	2.2.2	2002-2003	PSF	yes
2.3.1	2.3	2002-2003	PSF	yes
2.3.2	2.3.1	2003	PSF	yes

发布版本 来源自 年份 拥有者 GPL 相容?

0.9.0 至 1.2 不适用 1991-1995 CWI 是
1.3 至 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI 是
1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI 否
2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com 否
1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI 否
2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF 否
2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF 是
2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF 是
2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF 是
2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF 是
2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF 是
2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF 是
2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF 是
2.2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF 是
2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF 是
2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF 是
2.3.2 2.3.1 2003 PSF 是

发布版本	来源自	年份	拥有者	GPL 相容?
0.9.0 至 1.2	不适用	1991-1995	CWI	是
1.3 至 1.5.2	1.2	1995-1999	CNRI	是
1.6	1.5.2	2000	CNRI	否
2.0	1.6	2000	BeOpen.com	否
1.6.1	1.6	2001	CNRI	否
2.1	2.0+1.6.1	2001	PSF	否
2.0.1	2.0+1.6.1	2001	PSF	是
2.1.1	2.1+2.0.1	2001	PSF	是
2.2	2.1.1	2001	PSF	是
2.1.2	2.1.1	2002	PSF	是
2.1.3	2.1.2	2002	PSF	是
2.2.1	2.2	2002	PSF	是
2.2.2	2.2.1	2002	PSF	是
2.2.3	2.2.2	2002-2003	PSF	是
2.3	2.2.2	2002-2003	PSF	是
2.3.1	2.3	2002-2003	PSF	是
2.3.2	2.3.1	2003	PSF	是

Note: GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute a modified version without making your changes open source. The GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.

Note: GPL 相容并不是指我们提按 GPL 形容来发布 Python 的。所有 Python 版本的使用证, 和 GPL 不一样的是, 它容许你发行你自己修改过的版本而并不强制要求你也公开代码。所谓 GPL 相容的意思是允许你把 Python 结合到其他以 GPL 形式发行的软件中; GPL 不相容的使用证并不容许你这样做。

Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's direction to make these releases possible.

在此向许多外面的志愿工作者致谢, 他们按照 Guido 所定的方向, 致力工作, 以使这些版本能够成功实现及发布完成。