4.2 `for` 语句 `for` Statements

The for statement in Python differs a bit from what you may be used to in C or Pascal. Rather than always iterating over an arithmetic progression of numbers (like in Pascal), or giving the user the ability to define both the iteration step and halting condition (as C), Python's for statement iterates over the items of any sequence (a list or a string), in the order that they appear in the sequence. For example (no pun intended):

Python中的 for 语句和你在 C 或 Pascal 中使用的略有不同。通常的循环可能会依据一个等差数值步进过程（如Pascal）或由用户来定义迭代步骤和中止条件（如 C ），Python 的 for 语句依据任意序列（链表或字符串）中的子项，按它们在序列中的顺序来进行迭代。例如（没有暗指）：

>>> # Measure some strings:
... a = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate']
>>> for x in a:
...     print x, len(x)
...
cat 3
window 6
defenestrate 12

It is not safe to modify the sequence being iterated over in the loop (this can only happen for mutable sequence types, such as lists). If you need to modify the list you are iterating over (for example, to duplicate selected items) you must iterate over a copy. The slice notation makes this particularly convenient:

在迭代过程中修改迭代序列不安全（只有在使用链表这样的可变序列时才会有这样的情况）。如果你想要修改你迭代的序列（例如，复制选择项），你可以迭代它的复本。通常使用切片标识就可以很方便的做到这一点：

>>> for x in a[:]: # make a slice copy of the entire list
...    if len(x) > 6: a.insert(0, x)
...
>>> a
['defenestrate', 'cat', 'window', 'defenestrate']

4.2 for 语句 for Statements

4.2 `for` 语句 `for` Statements