9.3.1 类定义语法 Class Definition Syntax

The simplest form of class definition looks like this:

最简单的类定义形式如下：

class ClassName:
    <statement-1>
    .
    .
    .
    <statement-N>

Class definitions, like function definitions (def statements) must be executed before they have any effect. (You could conceivably place a class definition in a branch of an if statement, or inside a function.)

类的定义就像函数定义（ def 语句），要先执行才能生效。（你当然可以把它放进 if 语句的某一分支，或者一个函数的内部。）

In practice, the statements inside a class definition will usually be function definitions, but other statements are allowed, and sometimes useful -- we'll come back to this later. The function definitions inside a class normally have a peculiar form of argument list, dictated by the calling conventions for methods -- again, this is explained later.

习惯上，类定义语句的内容通常是函数定义，不过其它语句也可以，有时会很有用——后面我们再回过头来讨论。类中的函数定义通常包括了一个特殊形式的参数列表，用于方法调用约定——同样我们在后面讨论这些。

When a class definition is entered, a new namespace is created, and used as the local scope -- thus, all assignments to local variables go into this new namespace. In particular, function definitions bind the name of the new function here.

定义一个类的时候，会创建一个新的命名空间，将其作为局部作用域使用——因此，所以对局部变量的赋值都引入新的命名空间。特别是函数定义将新函数的命名绑定于此。

When a class definition is left normally (via the end), a class object is created. This is basically a wrapper around the contents of the namespace created by the class definition; we'll learn more about class objects in the next section. The original local scope (the one in effect just before the class definitions was entered) is reinstated, and the class object is bound here to the class name given in the class definition header (ClassName in the example).

类定义完成时（正常退出），就创建了一个 类对象。基本上它是对类定义创建的命名空间进行了一个包装；我们在下一节进一步学习类对象的知识。原始的局部作用域（类定义引入之前生效的那个）得到恢复，类对象在这里绑定到类定义头部的类名（例子中是 ClassName ）。