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摘要:
Python是一个容易学习又功能强大的程式语言。它含有高效率的高阶资料结构,也是一个简单但是有效果的物件导向程式语言(object-oriented
programming)。Python优雅的语法及动态型态识别(dynamic typing),加上直译式(intepretion)的本质,使得它成为一个在多种功能多种平台上撰写脚本(scripts)及快速开发的理想语言。
各种主要平台的Python直译器(interpreter)及延伸的标准程式库(library)都可以在 Python的网站(
http://www.python.org
)上免费下载及自由流传(包含原始码及二元执行档(binary form))。 在该网站上也有许多的档案及连结,包括了免费、第三者开发的Python模组、程式及工具,
以及许多的附带文件。
Python的直译器也可以很容易的延伸,可以加入新的由C或是C++(或其他可以由C呼叫的程式语言)所写的函数或是资料型态。Python也很适合用来当作其他应用程式的延伸语言(译者言:比如说用Python来延伸CAD,
DBMaker等的功能)。
本教学文件将非正式的介绍给读者Python语言及系统的基本观念及特性。如果读者手边有一个Python的直译器将有助于获得实际的知识,但是本文件的解释都很充足,所以如果单纯离线阅读也是可以的。
若对于标准的物件及模组有兴趣的话,请参阅
Python Library Reference。 若是要知道正式Python语言的标准定义的话,可参考
Python Reference Manual 。 若有兴趣用C或C++写延伸的功能的话,请参考
Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter 以及
Python/C API Reference。市面上也有许多更深入探讨Python的书籍。
本教学文件并不试图完整的介绍每一个Python的特性,甚至也不试图介绍每一个常用的功能。 相反的,本文件介绍许多Python值得认识的功能,并且让读者对这个语言的大致风貌有一个了解。
在读完此书之后,读者应该可以开始读及写Python的模组及程式,并且应该可以开始学习各种在
Python Library Reference所介绍的模组了。
请看关于此文件… 里面有关如何给我们建议的说明。